Overview
An ectopic pregnancy is a condition in which a fertilized egg grows outside the uterus. In some cases, an ectopic pregnancy can occur in other areas such as ovary abdominal cavity or cervix.
In this condition, the pregnancy cannot continue normally. The fertilized egg will not survive and the growing tissue can be life threatening for patient if left untreated.
Symptoms
Symptoms may not appear at first. However, some patients can experience the usual signs of pregnancy. As the fertilized egg grows, the signs and symptoms become clear. They include:
Sharp Pain in Pelvis
Side Abdomen Pain
Vaginal Spotting or Bleeding
Dizziness
Fainting
Rectal Pressure
Causes
Cause of an ectopic pregnancy is not always clear. One or more than one of the following causes can be linked with it:
- Hormonal Factors
- Genetic Abnormalities
- Birth Defects
- Severe pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Diagnosis
Other than regular physical pelvic examination, your doctor may perform the following tests such as:
Pregnancy Test
Ultrasound Abdomen and Pelvis
Blood Tests
When to See a Doctor
If you are pregnant and experience any of the above mentioned symptoms, seek immediate treatment and consult a doctor.
Treatment
A surgical procedure is the most common way to treat an ectopic pregnancy. It is performed with open or laparoscopic technique depending on the patient’s condition. Sometimes, it can be managed with hormonal therapy as well.
Risks, Complications & Preventions
Previous ectopic pregnancy, inflammation or infection, fertility treatments, birth control and smoking can pose risk and cause complications. Preventing ectopic pregnancy is not always possible. Safe sex and limiting the number of sexual partners can reduce the risk of STD which can lead to other health issues as well and can play a role in ectopic pregnancy.
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Dr. Faisal Murad
Chief of Surgery & Laparoscopic Surgery
M.B.B.S., MCPS, FCPS (Surgery), Fellowship Telemedicine
Dr. Mustafa Javed
Orthopedic Surgery
BSc, MBBS, MRCS (Edinburgh, UK), FRCS, Trauma & Orthopedics (Edinburgh, UK), CCT (Yorkshire, UK)